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提出一种具有普适性的蚁群算法,该算法对参数的转移概率和信息素的计算方法进行了改进,提高了算法的全局性能,将其用于高速公路入口匝道控制器的参数寻优。建立了高速公路交通流模型,结合非线性反馈理论设计了蚁群算法优化的入口匝道PI控制器,给出了蚁群算法优化的步骤,并用Matlab软件对控制器进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,基于蚁群算法优化的匝道控制器响应速度快,计算效率高,具有良好的动态和稳态性能。将该方法用于高速公路入口匝道控制中,效果良好。
A universal ant colony algorithm is proposed. The algorithm improves the parameter transfer probability and pheromone calculation method, and improves the overall performance of the algorithm, which is used to optimize the parameters of freeway on-ramp controller . The freeway traffic flow model is established. Based on the nonlinear feedback theory, the inlet ramp PI controller optimized by ant colony algorithm is designed. The steps of ant colony algorithm optimization are given. The controller is simulated by Matlab software. The simulation results show that the ramp controller based on ant colony optimization algorithm has the advantages of fast response, high computational efficiency and good dynamic and steady state performance. The method is applied to expressway entrance ramp control and works well.