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自70年代以来,本所利用60Coγ射线、激光与快中子复合处理,选育出两个极早熟小麦突变系“152”和“321”,生育期分别为218和217天,比当地晚播早熟品种“鲁麦4号”还早熟2—4天。经研究,其原因主要是缩短了拨节至抽穗时间,而且灌浆早、速度快。两个突变系播种期弹性大,秋播、晚秋播或春播均能正常抽穗结实,具有弱冬性和春性双重特点,适宜麦—棉、麦—花生一年两熟地区种植。“321C”突变系籽粒蛋白质含量高达16.86％,赖氨酸含量高达0.42%,湿面筋含量高达42.0%,干面筋含量为14.0％,适宜制作优质面食,同时对育种工作也是颇有价值的优质源和早熟源。
Since 70’s, 60Coγrays, laser and fast neutron composite treatment have been used to breed two extremely early wheat mutant lines “152” and “321” with growth periods of 218 and 217 days, respectively, Early maturing variety “Rumai 4” is also precocious 2-4 days. The study, the main reason is to shorten the dial to heading time, and the early filling, fast. The two mutants were more flexible in sowing period, both of them were erect in autumn and late autumn or in spring. They had the characteristics of weak winter and spring. They were suitable for the planting of wheat - cotton and wheat - peanut twice a year. The results showed that “321C” mutant had high protein content of 16.86%, lysine content as high as 0.42%, wet gluten content as high as 42.0% and dry gluten content as 14.0%, which was suitable for producing high-quality pasta and valuable quality source for breeding And early maturity source.