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一、排卵机理 (一)正常月经周期中雌二醇(E_2)的作用一负反馈作用的解除与正反馈作用的发生:在月经周期结束前,由于黄体萎缩,雌、孕激素下降,对下丘脑与垂体的负反馈作用解除,而促卵泡成熟激素(FSH)的分泌增加。FSH对卵泡发育与甾体合成是不可缺少的。成长中的卵泡不断分泌E_2,后者促使FSH受体增加,促进卵泡对FSH的敏感性。E_2并协同FSH使粒层上出现黄体生成激素(LH)的受体,如FSH量偏低,将发生黄体功能不良或黄体期过短。成熟卵泡分泌大量E_2,使血流中E_2水平急剧上升,对下丘脑与垂体起正反馈作用,导致排卵前LH高峰出现。在排卵前24～36小时,血E_2量达高峰,约200pg/ml,并维持50小时左右。如E_2量过低或高峰时间过短,则LH高
First, the ovulation mechanism (a) of the normal menstrual cycle, the role of estradiol (E_2) a negative feedback and the lifting of the role of positive feedback: the end of the menstrual cycle, due to corpus luteum, estrogen and progesterone decreased, the next The hypothalamus and pituitary feedback negative role, and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion (FSH) increased. FSH is essential for follicular development and steroidogenesis. Growing follicles continue to secrete E_2, the latter to promote FSH receptors to promote follicular sensitivity to FSH. E_2 and FSH in conjunction with the emergence of grain luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors, such as low amount of FSH, will occur luteal dysfunction or luteal phase is too short. Mature follicles secrete large amounts of E 2, so that blood levels of E 2 sharp rise in the hypothalamus and pituitary played a positive feedback role, leading to LH peak before ovulation. 24 to 36 hours before ovulation, blood E_2 peak, about 200pg / ml, and maintain about 50 hours. If E_2 is too low or the peak time is too short, LH high