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细胞色素氧化酶由 13个亚基组成 ,其中构成级联反应核心的最大 3个亚基 (COXI、COXII和COXIII)由mtDNA编码 ,其余 10个亚基 (COⅣ ,Ⅴa ,Ⅴb ,Ⅵa ,Ⅵb ,Ⅵc ,Ⅶa ,Ⅶb ,Ⅶc ,和Ⅷ )均由nDNA编码。COXⅠ亚基与hemea、hemea3、CuB结合 ,直接参与质子泵过程 ;COXⅡ亚基与CuA结合 ,位于线粒体包质面与细胞色素C进行反应 ;COXIII亚基参与氧化还原连接的质子易位过程 ;其余 10个亚基的功能尚不明确。COX是线粒体组装所必需的基因 ,其表达调控与nDNA和mtDNA相互作用有关
Cytochrome oxidase consists of 13 subunits, of which the largest three subunits (COXI, COXII and COXIII) that make up the core of the cascade are encoded by mtDNA and the remaining 10 subunits (COIV, Va, Vb, VIa, VIb, VIc, VIIa, VIIb, VIIc, and VIII) are encoded by nDNA. The COX I subunit binds to hemea, hemea 3, and CuB and is directly involved in the proton pump process. The COX II subunit binds to CuA and reacts with cytochrome C on the mitochondrial envelope surface. The COX III subunit participates in the proton translocation process of redox attachment. The function of 10 subunits is not clear. COX is a gene necessary for mitochondrial assembly and its regulation is related to the interaction between nDNA and mtDNA