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本文考察了用在否定句中的语气副词“又”的上下文语境，把它表示为“又不Ｐ，～Ｑ”，论证了该格式是以“只有Ｐ，才Ｑ”为预设，通过对Ｐ的否定，从而从根本上否定Ｑ，由此实现其表达功能，加强～Ｑ的语势。文章进一步指出，与逻辑式不同，实际语言中的“只有Ｐ，才Ｑ”中的Ｐ并不总是Ｑ的唯一条件，而可能只是Ｑ的最典型或最极端的条件，这造成了“又不Ｐ，～Ｑ”的主观色彩。文章最后就“又”、“并”、“可”三个语气副词作了比较。
This paper examines the context of the adverb “又”, which is used in negative sentences, and expresses it as “not P, ~ Q.” This paper proves that this format is based on “P only, Q” The negation of P, which fundamentally denied Q, thus achieving its expression function, strengthen ~ Q’s tone. The article further points out that unlike the logic, P in “only P, only Q” in real language is not always the only condition of Q, but may be only the most typical or extremist condition of Q, which leads to “ Not P, ~ Q ”subjective color. At the end of the article, we compare the three tone adverbs “又”, “并” and “可”.