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葡萄整形修剪的目的,是使枝蔓均匀地布满架面,充分利用光能,保持架面通风良好,调整树体生长与结果的关系,为高产优质奠定良好基础。 葡萄的整枝是根据不同的架式而采取不同的整枝方式。如立架有单臂、双臂水平整枝以及扇形整枝;棚架有单主蔓、双主蔓和多主蔓平行延长整枝。修剪方法有短梢修剪(剪留1～3个芽)、中梢修剪(剪留4～6个芽)和长梢修剪(剪留7个芽以上)。冬剪时间为10月下旬～11月上旬。现将棚架巨峰葡萄的冬剪方法介绍如下。 定植当年,株距0.5米的葡萄只剪留1个主蔓;株距1米的剪留2个主蔓;株距1.5米的剪留3个主蔓。主蔓之间保持0.5米间距。主蔓的剪留长度为1.5米左右,并剪除其上所有副梢。如果枝粗在0.7厘米以下,当年不留主蔓,在墓部留3～4个芽剪截,促使下年发枝重新培育主蔓。如果当年选留主蔓不足时,可在第二年从主蔓基部萌发的新梢中选留补齐。 定植第二年,对当年新蔓或主蔓均剪留1.5～2米,主蔓二年生部位着生的新梢每隔30厘米选留1个健壮枝,并剪留2个芽,培养结果枝组。其余新梢从基部剪掉。3米行距的葡萄两年就可布满架面。
The purpose of grapes pruning is to make the branches and grapes evenly covered with shelves, make full use of light energy, keep the shelf surface ventilated and good, and adjust the relationship between tree growth and the results to lay a good foundation for high yield and good quality. Grape pruning is based on different shelves and take a different pruning way. If the stand has a single arm, arm level pruning and fan-shaped pruning; scaffolding single main vine, double main vine and multi-main vine parallel extension pruning. Pruning methods include short shoot pruning (1 to 3 buds are cut), medium shoot pruning (4 to 6 buds) and long shoot pruning (7 buds or more). Winter shear time from late October to early November. Now scaffolding Kyoho grape winter shear method described below. Planting year, the 0.5-meter spacing of the vine cut only one main vine; plant spacing of 1 m 2 to keep the main vine cut; spacing of 1.5 m cut 3 main vine. Between the main vine to maintain 0.5 meters spacing. The main vine cut length of 1.5 meters, and cut off all the secondary shoots on it. If the branches coarse at 0.7 cm or less, then do not stay in the main vine, leaving 3 to 4 in the tomb of the cut cut, prompting the next year to re-cultivate the main branches of the branches. If the main issue of Manchuria in the current year is insufficient, the new shoots to be sprouted from the main vine-base may be selected to be filled in the following year. The second year of colonization, the new vine or the main vine were cut 1.5 to 2 meters, the main vine freshman biennial students selected every 30 cm choose to stay a robust branch, and cut 2 buds, the results of training branches group. The rest of the shoots are cut off from the base. 3 meters row spacing grapes can be covered two years.