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目的:当前,中药注射剂已入选进《国家基本药物目录》,临床疗效显著,使用普遍,具有不可替代性。但它又是把双刃剑,只要使用药品,就存在发生ADR的风险,须加强对中药注射剂安全性评估,减轻不良反应以及药源性的损害。方法:通过官方网站、药品说明书、专业文献期刊、咨询医生等,收集发生ADR病案,归纳总结中药注射剂不良反应产生的原因、临床表现及防治措施。结果:中药注射剂原料成分复杂,制备工艺要求更高;应遵循中医治疗的“辩证施治”原则,重视药品成份、功效、配伍禁忌、使用途径、时间与浓度,依据循证医学,结合不同个体,合理使用药品,加强用药监护。结论:中药注射剂使用存在天然的、人为的风险。只有深化药学服务内容,正确认识、分析与评价中药注射剂ADR,强化用药风险与药物警戒防治措施。这是当前培养高职药学专业学生必须认真对待问题。
Objective: At present, Chinese medicine injection has been selected into the “National Essential Drugs List”, with significant clinical efficacy, universal use, and irreplaceable. But it is also a double-edged sword, as long as the use of drugs, there is the risk of occurrence of ADR, the need to strengthen the safety assessment of Chinese medicine injection to reduce adverse reactions and drug-induced damage. Methods: ADR medical records were collected through the official website, drug manuals, periodicals, consulting physicians, etc. The causes, clinical manifestations and prevention and treatment measures of ADRs were summarized. Results: The ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine injections were complex, and the preparation process required more. The principle of “dialectical administration” of traditional Chinese medicine treatment should be followed, and the ingredients, efficacy, incompatibility, usage, time and concentration should be emphasized. Different individuals, rational use of drugs, strengthen medication care. Conclusion: There are natural and man-made risks for the use of traditional Chinese medicine injections. Only deepen the contents of pharmacy services, correctly understand, analyze and evaluate the Chinese medicine injection ADR, to strengthen the drug risk and drug prevention and control measures. This is the current training students of pharmacy students must take seriously the problem.