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植物在生长,开花、结果的一生过程中,必须吸收16种不可缺少的营养元素,即C、H、O、N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Cl、B、Mn、Zn、Cu和Mo。C以CO_2的形式被叶片吸收;O和H结合成水被利用;其余营养元素一般都是作为肥料而靠根系吸收。植物吸收N、P、K、Ca、Mg等5种营养元素的量较大。液体栽培就是把上述营养元素用水溶解后,作为培养液供应给植物。为使植物能良好的吸收利用,不仅要提高根系的活性,还必须使培养液内各种营养元素的浓度及比率适宜。另外,培养液的PH值、温度、氧气浓度等若干主要因素也要控制在适宜晌范围内。
The plant must absorb 16 kinds of indispensable nutrients, namely C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cl, B, Mn, Zn , Cu and Mo. C is absorbed by the leaves in the form of CO_2; O and H are combined into water; the rest of the nutrients are generally absorbed as roots by fertilizers. Plants absorb N, P, K, Ca, Mg and other five kinds of nutrients larger. Liquid cultivation means that the nutrient is dissolved in water and then supplied to the plant as a culture solution. In order for plants to be well absorbed and utilized, not only the activity of the root system must be increased, but also the concentration and ratio of various nutrient elements in the culture solution must be suitable. In addition, the culture medium PH value, temperature, oxygen concentration and a number of other major factors should also be controlled in the appropriate range.