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一、买方市场的出现是改革的结果,而不是改革的前提市场状态的形成主要受三个方面因素的影响,一是经济周期的变化引起买方市场与卖方市场的互相转化。由于任何经济制度中都存在着生产结构与需求结构失衡的矛盾,因此,供给总量与需求总量、供给结构与需求结构的失衡,都会使市场状态的全局或局部发生变化。二是经济体制内部固有经济运行机制对市场状态起着决定性作用。需求约束型的市场经济是在市场机制下形成买方市场;资源约束型的计划经济是在高度集中的计划管理体制下,由于经济体制内在的扩张冲动和“软预算约束”造成“投资饥渴”和“消费饥渴”,形成了卖方市场。三是国家的宏观经济
First, the emergence of the buyer’s market is the result of the reform, not the premise of the reform The formation of the market state is mainly affected by three factors. First, the changes in the economic cycle lead to the mutual transformation of the buyer’s and seller’s markets. Since there is a contradiction between the structural imbalance of production and demand in any economic system, the total supply and demand, the imbalance between supply and demand structures will change the state of the market either globally or in part. Second, the inherent economic operation mechanism within the economic system plays a decisive role in the market. Demand constrained market economy is a buyer’s market under the market mechanism; resource-constrained planned economy is under the highly concentrated plan management system, due to the inherent expansionary impulses of the economic system and “soft budget constraints” resulting in “investment hunger” And “consumer hunger”, formed a seller’s market. Third, the country’s macro economy