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在试验室条件下,通过将不同比例的蚓粪(0、5%、10%和20%)施用于赤红壤旱地土壤,进行为期30d的玉米盆栽试验,研究蚓粪施用对各处理土壤的微生物学特征和酶活性的影响。蚓粪添加能够显著增加土壤溶解性碳、碱解氮和速效磷含量,提高土壤的微生物碳和氮的含量,同时降低微生物量碳氮比(P<0.05)。5%的蚓粪处理显著促进了微生物呼吸速率和代谢熵,同时5%,10%和20%蚓粪处理均显著增加土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶、酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05)。随着土壤中蚓粪比例的增加,微生物量碳氮和酶活性显著增强(P<0.05),其过氧化氢酶和转化酶、脲酶、酸性和碱性磷酸酶分别与溶解性碳、碱解氮和速效磷含量呈现显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。多元数据分析结果进一步显示:与对照和5%的蚓粪处理相比,10%和20%蚓粪处理综合生物学特征差异显著(P<0.05),但10%和20%蚓粪处理间差异不大(P>0.05)。在实际农田管理中,蚓粪的施入量应控制在10%以内。将蚯蚓堆制技术引入禽畜粪便处理,生产无害、高品质的有机肥-蚓粪,其对可持续农业生产、环境保护和生态循环均具有重要意义。
Under laboratory conditions, different proportions of vermicompost (0, 5%, 10% and 20%) were applied to the red soil in upland soils for 30 days to study the effects of vermicompost application on soil microorganisms Effects of learning characteristics and enzyme activity. The addition of vermicompost could significantly increase the content of soil dissolved carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus, increase the content of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and reduce the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (P <0.05). The 5% vermicompost treatment significantly promoted the respiration rate and metabolic entropy of the microorganisms, while 5%, 10% and 20% of vermicompost treatments significantly increased the activities of catalase, invertase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase P <0.05). With the increase of the proportion of earthworm manure in the soil, the microbial biomass C, N and enzyme activity increased significantly (P <0.05), and the activities of catalase, invertase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase were respectively correlated with dissolved carbon, Nitrogen and available phosphorus showed a significant positive correlation (P <0.05). The results of multivariate analysis further showed that the comprehensive biological characteristics of 10% and 20% vermicompost treatments were significantly different (P <0.05) compared with the control and 5% vermicomite treatments, but the differences between 10% and 20% vermicompost treatments Not (P> 0.05). In the actual farmland management, the amount of earthworm manure should be controlled within 10%. The introduction of earthworm piling technology into livestock excrement treatment, the production of harmless, high-quality organic fertilizer - vermicompost, which for sustainable agricultural production, environmental protection and ecological cycle are of great significance.