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氧自由基的形成与脂质过氧化(LP)是引起各种组织细胞损害的有害过程,它们可能与衰老和癌症有关。哺乳类细胞含有强有力的包括酶系统与非酶抗氧化剂的防御体系,其中α-生育酚起着重要作用。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶可使过氧化氢与脂质过氧化物去毒;黄素蛋白谷胱甘肽还原酶则使氧化型谷胱甘肽还原,借此维持细胞的氧化还原状态。已知β-胡萝卜素是一种单线态氧的清除剂与自由基捕获抗氧化剂。但是,视黄醇类在体内抗御由自由基与LP引起损伤的预防作用还很不清楚。
The formation of oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation (LP) are detrimental processes that cause cell damage in a variety of tissues and may be associated with aging and cancer. Mammalian cells contain potent defense systems that include enzyme systems and non-enzyme antioxidants, with α-tocopherol playing an important role. Glutathione peroxidase detoxifies hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides; the flavoprotein glutathione reductase then reduces oxidized glutathione, thereby maintaining cellular redox status. Beta-carotene is known as a singlet oxygen scavenger and free radical trapping antioxidant. However, the role of retinoids in preventing the damage caused by free radicals and LP in vivo remains unclear.