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甲型H1N1流感为急性呼吸道传染病,其病原体是一种由禽流感、人流感、猪流感基因重组形成的一种新毒株流感病毒。人群较易感染甲型H1N1流感病毒,且可以通过人群传染。传播途径主要是以感染者排出的分泌物(如咳嗽和喷嚏)为媒介,在人群密集的地方更容易发生感染。微量病毒能够在桌面、楼梯扶手等物体表面存活,然后再通过手指与眼、口、鼻的接触来传播。因其早期症状与普通的流行感冒非常相似,均包括咳嗽、头痛、发热、发冷、喉咙疼痛和疲劳等症状,因此初期较易被误诊。如果患者体质较弱,自身免疫能力低下,患者一旦感染会引发很多并发症,乃至危及生命。但甲型H1N1流感是可防可控的,在发病早期就能够发现,并且对症及时治疗,还是能够治愈的。本文就甲流的预防、诊断、治疗、护理等方面,介绍其临床研究进展。
Influenza A (H1N1) is an acute respiratory disease. Its pathogen is a new strain of influenza virus that is formed by bird flu, human flu and swine flu gene recombination. The population is more susceptible to influenza A (H1N1) virus and can be transmitted through the population. The route of transmission is mainly mediated by secretions (such as coughs and sneezes) from infected persons and is more prone to infection in densely populated areas. Trace viruses can survive on the surface of objects such as desktops and staircases and then spread through the contact of fingers with eyes, mouth and nose. Because of its early symptoms and the common cold is very similar, including cough, headache, fever, chills, sore throat and fatigue and other symptoms, so the initial misdiagnosis. If the patient’s constitution is weak, his immune ability is low, the patient once infected will trigger a lot of complications, and even life-threatening. However, influenza A (H1N1) is preventable and controllable, it can be found early in the disease, and timely treatment of symptomatic, or can be cured. This article describes the progress of clinical research on the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and nursing of Influenza A and so on.