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AIM: To investigate chromosome 8 numerical aberrations, C-MYC oncogene alterations and its expression in gastric cancer and to correlate these findings with histopathological characteristics of gastric tumors.METHODS: Specimens were collected surgically from seven patients with gastric adenocarcinomas. Immunostaining for C-MYC and dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for C-MYC gene and chromosome 8centromere were performed.RESULTS: All the cases showed chromosome 8 aneuploidy and C-MYC amplification, in both the diffuse and intestinal histopathological types of Lauren. No significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) was observed between the level of chromosome 8 ploidy and the site, stage or histological type of the adenocarcinomas. C-MYC high amplification,like homogeneously stained regions (HSRs) and double minutes (DMs), was observed only in the intestinal-type.Structural rearrangement of C-MYC, like translocation,was observed only in the diffuse type. Regarding C-MYC gene, a significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) was observed between the two histological types. The C-MYC protein was expressed in all the studied cases. In the intestinaltype the C-MYC immunoreactivity was localized only in the nucleus and in the diffuse type in the nucleus and cytoplasm.CONCLUSION: Distinct patts of alterations between intestinal and diffuse types of gastric tumors support the hypothesis that these types follow different genetic pathways.