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一、引言杂交水稻“三系”提纯复壮,目前主要有湖南慈利法和江苏庆丰法。前者,在选取的“三系”亲本中,利用广泛测交和优势鉴定圃,测定“三系”及杂交后代之间的差异,从而选取具有典型性状的优良“三系”亲本。它具有纯度高、效果显著的特点。但工作量大,生长周期长,生产原种数量少。并由于在特定种源中定向选择,造成遗传基因散失,选择余地狭窄,导致遗传基因纯合化。后者,对不育系采用建立株行圃、株系圃、原种圃,对保
I. Introduction Hybrid rice “three lines ” purification and rejuvenation, at present there are Cili, Hunan and Jiangsu Qingfeng law. In the former, the difference between the “three lines” and the cross of offsprings was determined by using a wide range of cross-fertilization and superiority identification nurseries in the selected “three lines” parents to select the excellent “three lines ”Parents. It has the characteristics of high purity, significant effect. However, heavy workload, long growth cycle, the production of a small number of original species. Due to the directional selection in a specific provenance, genetic loss occurs and the selection gap is narrow, which leads to homozygosity of the genetic gene. The latter, the use of sterile lines to establish a line nursery, nursery, nursery, nursery