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在Y7131齿轮磨床上加工齿轮时,工件的齿而上往往有明显的波纹,影响齿面光洁度。振动是产生波纹的主要原因,在Y7131机床上有许多振源,但主要的振源之一是滑板部件的上下振动。一、原结构图1为滑板部件及其等拉力弹簧平衡机构简图。图中:R_1为弹簧力P的瞬时力臂,R_2为滑板部件重力W的瞬时力臂。当滑板上下往复运动时,弹簧力P随着弹簧的伸缩而变化,R_1和R_2也在不断地变化。为保持偏心凸轮的支点O两边的力矩平衡,应使:PR_1=WR_2在静止状态,这一平衡条件很易满足,但在滑板部件作上下运动时,P、R_1和R_2均为变量,因此会产生不平衡力矩;再加上W有一惯性冲击力,使滑板在上死点和下死点时振动特别严重,这就使齿面在磨削时产生波纹。为此,我们对该平衡机构进行改进。
In Y7131 gear grinding machine gear, the workpiece teeth tend to have obvious ripples, affecting the tooth surface finish. Vibration is the main cause of ripple. There are many sources of vibration on the Y7131 machine, but one of the main sources of vibration is up and down vibration of the skateboard components. First, the original structure Figure 1 for the skateboard components and other tension spring balance mechanism diagram. In the figure: R_1 is the moment arm of the spring force P, and R_2 is the moment arm of the gravity W of the skateboard component. When the slide reciprocates up and down, the spring force P changes with the spring retraction, R_1 and R_2 are constantly changing. To maintain the balance of moments on both sides of the fulcrum O of the eccentric cam, make: PR_1 = WR_2 This condition of equilibrium is easy to satisfy, but P, R_1, and R_2 are variables when the skateboard assembly moves up and down, Resulting in unbalanced torque; coupled with W has a inertial impact, so that the skid at the top dead center and bottom dead center vibration is particularly serious, which makes the tooth surface in the grinding ripple. To this end, we improve the balance.