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以黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区黄绵土和风沙土上发育30年的典型藓结皮为对象,分6层采集0~12 cm土层土样,研究了藓结皮对不同土层4种水解酶活性的影响及其与土壤养分的关系.结果表明:与无结皮相比,黄绵土藓结皮的脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和蛋白酶活性分别提升了2.4、7.6、20.7、2.4倍,而风沙土藓结皮的这4种水解酶活性分别提升了3.5、22.2、22.3、2.0倍;黄绵土和风沙土藓结皮的体积含水量分别降低了6.5%和0.8%,温度分别降低了0.8和2.5℃;黄绵土藓结皮的有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量分别提升了2.5、2.9和3.6倍,风沙土分别提升了3.6、3.0和6.6倍.4种水解酶的活性与土壤养分含量呈显著正相关,与土壤含水量呈显著负相关;而土壤温度与脲酶活性呈显著正相关,与蛋白酶活性呈显著负相关.黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区2种土壤藓结皮均能显著提升水解酶活性,这是藓结皮加速土壤养分周转的重要因素;通过改变土壤含水量和温度等酶促反应条件间接影响酶活性,是藓结皮促进土壤酶活性的重要途径.
Taking typical moss crusts developed on loess soil and aeolian sandy soil for 30 years in the cross-section of water-wind erosion in the Loess Plateau, soil samples from 0 ~ 12 cm soil layer were collected in 6 layers. The effects of moss crust on the activity of 4 hydrolase The results showed that the urease, alkaline phosphatase, invertase and protease activities of moss crusts increased 2.4, 7.6, 20.7 and 2.4 times respectively compared with no crusts, The four hydrolase activities of soil moss crust increased by 3.5, 22.2, 22.3, and 2.0 times respectively. The volumetric water content of crusts of loessial soil and aeolian sandy soil decreased by 6.5% and 0.8%, respectively, and the temperature decreased by 0.8 and 2.5 respectively ℃. The contents of organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus increased by 2.5, 2.9 and 3.6 times respectively and the aeolian sandy soil increased by 3.6, 3.0 and 6.6 times, respectively.The activities of four hydrolases and soil nutrient contents were significant But negatively correlated with soil water content.The soil temperature had a significant positive correlation with urease activity and a negative correlation with protease activity.The activities of hydrolase in two soil moss crusts in the ecotone between water and wind erosion in the Loess Plateau significantly increased This is moss crust acceleration Important factors soil nutrient turnover; indirect effects by changing the activity of soil moisture and temperature, the enzymatic reaction conditions, is an important way to promote the activity of moss crust soil.