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机车280型柴油机连杆衬套在使用过程中发生开裂,采用宏观观察、扫描电镜分析、组装工艺分析、受力分析以及金相检验等方法对开裂的连杆衬套进行了综合分析。结果表明,连杆衬套的装配工艺不合理,造成衬套与活塞销高点接触而产生应力集中,这是导致连杆衬套开裂的原因。定位销位置设计不合理以及衬套基体存在严重的疏松,是促使连杆衬套开裂的主要因素。
The cracking of the connecting rod bushing of locomotive 280 diesel engine occurred during the operation. The cracking of the connecting rod bushing was analyzed by macroscopic observation, scanning electron microscope analysis, assembly process analysis, force analysis and metallographic examination. The results show that the assembly process of the connecting rod bushing is unreasonable, which causes the stress concentration in the contact between the bushing and the piston pin, which is the cause of the cracking of the connecting rod bushing. Locating pin location design is not reasonable and there is a serious loosening of the bushing matrix is the main factor to promote the cracking of the connecting rod bushing.