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马克思在 1875年所著的《哥达纲领批评》一书中将共产主义划分为两个发展阶段 ,是他对社会历史发展规律在认识上的极为重大的飞跃。弥补了以前的唯物史观的一些缺陷 ;阐发了经济基础和上层建筑更为深刻的内涵 ,以及它们之间丰富多样的相互关系 ;指明了在社会形态转换过程中 ,新旧社会形态的因素彼此共存 ,相互渗透 ;揭示了在旧社会基础上只能产生不成熟的社会形态 ,只有在自身基础上才能发展起成熟的社会形态 ,从而极大地丰富和发展了他创立的唯物史观
Marx’s classification of communism into two stages of development in his book Criticism of the Gotha Program in 1875 is a very significant leap forward in his understanding of the laws governing the development of social history. Make up for some shortcomings of previous historical materialism; elucidate the more profound connotation of the economic foundation and superstructure and the rich and varied interrelationships between them; and indicate that the factors of the old and the new form of society coexist with each other in the process of social transformation , Revealing that only based on the old society can produce immature social forms, only on their own basis to develop a mature social form, which greatly enriched and developed his creation of historical materialism