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目前生产上栽培的蘑菇只有十余种,而很多野生蘑菇都具有引种栽培价值。就营养价值、经济价值和驯化难易来评比,至少有40余种野生蘑菇值得驯化栽培。择要介绍如下: 1.野蘑菇:Agaricus arvensis schaeff.ex Fr.通常于夏秋季生于草地或田野。此种分布较广,我国河北、黑龙江、河南、青海、新疆、云南等省均有。菌盖近半球形至平展,宽6—20厘米,近白色,不粘,光滑。菌褶离生,初白色,渐变粉红色,最后黑褐色。菌肉厚。菌柄近白色,长4—12厘米,菌环大而厚,双层,易于识别。本种适宜鲜食。栽培方法与白蘑菇相同。生长温度以25℃为宜,出菇时可降至15℃。优点是不需要覆土即可长出子实体。 2.柱状田头菇 Agrocybe cylindraceae(Fr.)
At present, there are only more than ten kinds of mushrooms cultivated in production, while many wild mushrooms have the introduction and cultivation value. In terms of nutritional value, economic value and domesticated difficulty to evaluate, at least 40 kinds of wild mushrooms worth domestication and cultivation. Select to introduce as follows: 1. Wild mushrooms: Agaricus arvensis schaeff.ex Fr. usually born in summer or autumn in the grass or field. Such a wide distribution, China’s Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Yunnan and other provinces have. Cover nearly hemispherical to flat, 6-20 cm wide, nearly white, non-stick, smooth. Pleurotus from birth, early white, pink gradient, the last dark brown. Bacteria thick. Petiole nearly white, 4-12 cm long, bacteria ring large and thick, double, easy to identify. This species is suitable for fresh food. Cultivation methods and white mushrooms the same. Growth temperature of 25 ℃ is appropriate, when fruiting can be reduced to 15 ℃. The advantage is that you do not need overburden to grow fruiting bodies. 2. Column mushroom Agrocybe cylindraceae (Fr.)