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(一) 苏联把文件按其用途分作两大类:由于机关内部的工作需要而产生的文件,称为“对内文件”;和其它机关进行往来联系所产生的文件,称为“对外文件”;对外文件中包括机关收文和发文两种。对外文件应“通过登记进行统计。统计的目的是为了保护文件,监督文件的承办,并帮助将文件正确地整理立卷,以及查找文件。”为了达到上述目的,可以采用各种登记方式:把对外文件登记在收文簿和发文簿上,“可以保证将所有的收发文按其收发的年月日顺序进行统计”,使得机关收文和发文都有账可查,避免遗失;但这种登记方法,如果文件很多就过于庞杂,不便于查找文件,因此也有采用卡片方法登记的。用这
(1) The Soviet Union divides the documents into two broad categories according to their purposes: documents resulting from the internal work needs of the organs are called “internal documents”; documents produced by contacts with other institutions are called “external documents ”Foreign documents include both the official receipt and send a document. The external documents should be “recorded by registration.” The purpose of the statistics is to protect documents, oversee the contracting of documents and to help organize the documents correctly and to find documents. “To accomplish this, a variety of registrations are available: Registration of foreign documents in the receiving books and dispatch books, ”can ensure that all send and receive text in accordance with the transceiver date and time statistics," so that the organs of receipt and dispatch are both accounts can be checked to avoid loss; However, this registration method , If a lot of files are too complicated, not easy to find documents, so there are also registered by the card method. Use this