论文部分内容阅读
离子交换剂或所谓离子交换树脂为含有酸性或硷性化学活性结构单位的固态难溶性物质,能以其“荷载”的离子与溶液中的离子进行交换。由于合成的离子交换树脂具有化学活性基团,故它与在工业上应用的和其极近似的非化学活性的合成塑料不同。离子交换剂具有不同直径的毛细管和微孔形成的巨大内表面,高化学稳定性和机械坚固性,它们实际上完全不溶于水、酸、盐和硷的溶液中,也不溶于有机溶剂(醇、醚等)。根据需要,选择不同的合成条件及原料可以合成不同物理性质及化学性质的树脂。依据其化学性质,离子交换剂可分为两类:由酸性
Ion exchangers or so-called ion exchange resins are poorly soluble solids containing acidic or basic chemically-active structural units that exchange ions with their “loaded” ions with the solution. Since the synthetic ion exchange resin has a chemically active group, it is different from industrially applicable and chemically similar, non-chemically active synthetic plastics. Ion exchangers have huge internal surfaces formed by capillaries and micropores of different diameters, are chemically and mechanically robust, they are virtually insoluble in water, acid, salt and alkaline solutions, and are insoluble in organic solvents (alcohols , Ether, etc.). According to the need, choose different synthetic conditions and raw materials can be synthesized with different physical and chemical properties of the resin. Depending on their chemical nature, ion exchangers fall into two categories: from acidic