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土壤紧实是设施蔬菜生产的土壤障碍因子之一。在塑料大棚砂壤土条件下,用人工土柱栽培法研究了土壤容重分别为1.20、1.35和1.58 g·cm-3的土壤对番茄幼苗生长和根系构型的影响。结果表明,随容重增大,叶片伸长速度、株高、植株含水量、鲜质量、干质量、根冠比、根表面积、根长密度和根体积密度等都显著降低。随容重增大,根系干质量、根表面积、根长密度和根体积密度在垂直面上的分布显著降低,容重1.58 g·cm-3处理的根系全部分布在0~6 cm土层内。高容重土壤使根毛区皮层产生形变,即细胞变长,皮层下陷,根表面凹凸不平,根圆度变差,偏心率增大,降低根毛区的吸收能力。
Soil compaction is one of the barriers to soil production in vegetable production facilities. Soil plasticity sandy soils were used to study the effects of soil bulk density of 1.20, 1.35 and 1.58 g · cm-3 soil on the growth and root configuration of tomato seedlings by artificial soil column culture. The results showed that with the increase of bulk density, the leaf elongation, plant height, plant water content, fresh weight, dry weight, root / shoot ratio, root surface area, root length density and root bulk density decreased significantly. The distribution of dry weight, root surface area, root length density and root bulk density in the vertical plane decreased with the increase of bulk density. Roots of 1.58 g · cm-3 were all distributed in 0 ~ 6 cm soil layer. The soil with high bulk density deforms the cortex of the root hair, ie, the cells become longer, the cortex sinks, the surface of the root is uneven, the root roundness deteriorates, the eccentricity increases, and the absorption capacity of the root hairs decreases.