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目的了解黔北地区农村中小学生烧烫伤知识水平及其影响因素,为制定预防中小学生烧烫伤策略提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,从黔北地区随机抽取6所小学和3所初中,共调查1 855名中小学生,采用自制烧烫伤相关知识问卷进行调查,分析烧烫伤知晓率及影响因素。结果在1 855名中小学生中,有238名在近1 a内发生过非故意烧烫伤,发生率为12.83%。中小学生烧烫伤知识总知晓率为85.54%,但近1/3的学生未能达到80%的正确率且能答全对的仅占34.72%。年龄、独生子女、留守类型和母亲文化程度是中小学生烧烫伤知识得分的影响因素(β值分别为0.024,0.083,0.039,0.069,P值均<0.05)。结论中小学生烧烫伤知识水平急需提高,学校、家庭、社会等应加大健康教育力度,以留守学生及母亲文化程度较低的家庭为重点宣教对象,共同创造安全环境让中小学生远离烧烫伤。
Objective To understand the knowledge and influencing factors of burn and scald in primary and secondary school students in northern Guizhou, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of burn and scald in primary and secondary school students. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 6 primary schools and 3 junior middle schools from a total of 1 855 primary and middle school students in northern Guizhou. The questionnaires of self-made burn and scald related knowledge were used to investigate the rate of burn and scald injuries and their influencing factors . Results Of the 1 855 primary and secondary school students, 238 had unintentional burns in the past 1 year, with a rate of 12.83%. The total awareness rate of primary and secondary burn and burn injuries was 85.54%, but nearly one third of the students failed to reach the correct rate of 80% and only 34.72% were able to answer the full score. Age, only child, left-behind type and mother’s education level were the influential factors of the knowledge score of burn and scald in primary and secondary school students (β values were 0.024,0.083,0.039,0.069, P <0.05 respectively). Conclusions There is an urgent need to improve the knowledge level of burn and scald in primary and middle school students. Schools, families and societies should increase their health education so as to educate left-behind families and families with less educated mothers, so as to jointly create a safe environment for primary and secondary students to stay away from burns.