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基于对道面下路基土体中“锅盖效应”形成机制的定性认识,依据非饱和土中气液传输及热传导多场耦合理论并考虑水的气液相转换,建议了对此问题进行分析的数学模型。采用有限元方法对道面下路基一维土柱进行模拟分析,揭示了土中水和水蒸气在变温作用下的运移及相变规律,分析了“锅盖效应”形成条件和影响因素。数值结果显示,土质和温度分布对路基土发生“锅盖效应”有较大影响。粉土路基较黏土或砂土路基更易形成水分聚集;路基顶部温度较路基深处温度低时,在温度作用下易引起路基土的“锅盖效应”。这些结果可为进一步研究道路工程中的“锅盖效应”提供参考。
Based on the qualitative understanding of the formation mechanism of “lid effect” in subgrade soils under the pavement, based on the theory of multi-field coupling of gas and liquid in unsaturated soils and consideration of the gas-liquid transition of water, it is suggested that this problem Mathematical model for analysis. The finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the one-dimensional soil column under the pavement, revealing the migration and phase transformation of soil water and water vapor under the effect of temperature change, and analyzing the formation conditions and influence of “lid effect” factor. The numerical results show that soil and temperature distribution have a great influence on the “lid effect” of subgrade soil. The silt subgrade is more likely to form water aggregates than the clay or sand subgrade. When the temperature at the top of the subgrade is lower than the depth of the subgrade, the “lid effect” of subgrade soil tends to be caused by the temperature. These results can provide reference for further study on the “lid effect” in road engineering.