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Objective: To observe and compare the curative effect between the intrapleural-chemotherapy combined Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton-injection and the Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton-injection after control of the malignant pleural effusion by chemotherapy. Methods: Every time after elimination of pleural effusion, we injected DDP and Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton at the same time into pleural cavity; or after we emplaced an improved central vena catheter into pleural cavity then took out closed-drainage or eliminated the pleural effusion every day, then injected 5-FU 0.5 qd intrapleural-space. After the malignant pleural effusion had being controlled, 800 μg Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton was injected intrapleural-space.(We call it as "improved following-therapy"). Results: Using the improved following-therapy, the control rate of malignant pleural effusion increased: CR + PR, 79.07% ＞ 65.79% (P ＜ 0.05), and the incidence rate of the encapsulated pleural effusion that would impact on patient's respiratory faction decreased. Conclusion: Giving chemotherapy after closed-drainage or immediately after taking out pleural effusion everyday, then giving biotherapy after pleural effusion had been controlled, the curative effect would be enhanced and the side-reaction would be reduced.