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目的比较不同领导者对新兵孤独感的改善情况。方法选取某部2012年入伍的新兵共279人,应用孤独量表,依赖性、宽容性、支配性量表测评,发放问卷279份,回收有效问卷258份,采用整群随机设计法分为心理咨询师团体组(n=88)、班长团体组(n=83)和对照组(n=87)。心理咨询师团体组和班长团体组分别在心理咨询师和班长的带领下按方案实施心理干预,对照组不实施任何干预,团体干预结束后对3组进行复测,评估对新兵孤独感的改善情况及差别。结果①心理咨询师团体组干预前后宽容性、依赖性、孤独感均有统计学差异(P<0.01),支配性无统计学差异(P>0.05);班长团体组干预前后孤独感有统计学差异(P<0.01),宽容性、依赖性、支配性无统计学差异(P>0.05);对照组各因子差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②心理咨询师团体组和班长团体组的孤独感较对照组低(P<0.05,P<0.01);心理咨询师团体组依赖性较班长团体组和对照组低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论专业和非专业团体干预均可以在一定程度改善新兵的孤独感,专业的心理咨询师团体干预还可能促进新兵独立性和宽容性,降低依赖感。
Objective To compare the improvement of loneliness among different leaders on recruits. Methods A total of 279 recruits from a certain army were recruited in 2012. A total of 279 recruits were sent out using questionnaires of loneliness scale, dependence, tolerance and dominance. 258 valid questionnaires were collected and divided into psychology Consultant group (n = 88), monitor group (n = 83) and control group (n = 87). Psychological counselors group and squad leader group under the leadership of counselors and squad leaders, respectively, according to program implementation of psychological intervention, the control group did not implement any intervention, the group intervention after the retest of three groups to assess the improvement of loneliness Situation and difference. Results ① There was significant difference in tolerance, dependence and loneliness before and after intervention in psychological counseling group (P <0.01), no significant difference in dominance (P> 0.05) (P <0.01), tolerance, dependence and dominance (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05). (2) The loneliness of counselors group and squad leader group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01); the group of psychological counselors was less dependent than the squad group and control group (P <0.05, P <0.01) ). Conclusion Both intervention by professional and non-professional groups can improve the loneliness of recruits to a certain extent. The intervention by professional counselors may also promote the independence and tolerance of recruits and reduce the sense of dependence.