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目的探讨结核菌检测的新途径及其在肺结核诊断中的价值。方法应用聚合酶链反应技术对７６例肺结核患者（４０例同时留有疾标本），４２例非结核患者外周血标本进行了结核分支杆菌ＤＮＡ检测。结果利用聚合酶链反应检测外用血白细胞中结核菌ＤＮＡ对肺结核诊断的灵敏度为８６％，特异性为 ９０％，准确度达８７％；４０例外周血与疾标本的ＰＣＲ配对检测表明，血标本中的结核菌ＤＮＡ检出率明显高于痰标本。结论外周血白细胞中结核分支杆菌ＤＮＡ检测用于肺结核诊断具有较高的敏感性和准确性，明显优于痰标本，可作为肺结核诊断优良可靠的指标。
Objective To explore a new way of TB detection and its value in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 76 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (40 cases simultaneously with disease samples) and 42 cases of non-tuberculosis patients by polymerase chain reaction. Results The sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of tuberculosis DNA in peripheral leukocytes were 86%, 90% and 87%, respectively. The PCR test of 40 peripheral blood samples showed that the blood samples In the detection rate of TB DNA was significantly higher than sputum specimens. Conclusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes is of high sensitivity and accuracy for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, which is obviously superior to sputum samples and can be used as an excellent and reliable indicator for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.