扫盲范畴论与扫盲程度论——“新扫盲论”研究(之二)

• 作 者: 钟启泉
• 机 构: 华东师范大学
• 出 处: 外国教育资料
• 发表日期: 1999年02期
• 关键词: 范畴论 识字能力 literacy 终身教育 学习过程 学习社会 问题解决 学习化社会 自我导向 成长点

一 扫盲范畴论 关于“何谓扫盲”,尚未确立普遍性的定义,其概念正在扩张。一般认为,“扫盲”这一术语包含了文字的“读、写”。但是另方面,围绕着“何种特定的能力或知识构成扫盲”的问题反复展开了讨论。它未必有恒久不变的理由。利马格(L.Limage)指出,扫盲的涵义只有在某种特定的背景下才能界定。社会、个人的需求变化了,其涵义也会发生变化。本节从下列五个视点琢磨扫盲的涵义、内容与范围。

The concept of a sweeping category has not yet established a universal definition of what is literacy, and its concept is expanding. It is generally accepted that the term “literacy” includes the words “read and write”. On the other hand, however, discussions have been held repeatedly about the question of “what specific capacity or knowledge constitutes literacy.” It may not have a permanent reason. L.Limage pointed out that the meaning of literacy can only be defined in a particular context. The needs of society and individuals have changed, and their implications also change. This section ponders the meaning, content and scope of literacy from the following five points of view.