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目的重点了解哈尔滨市南岗区2013年出生缺陷发病率和病种类型分布特点,研究出生缺陷分布特征的影响因素,为制定防控策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学和分析流行病学方法进行分析。结果出生缺陷总发生率为148.81/万。各种出生缺陷类型中,发生率前三位分别为先天性心脏病(33.48/万)、多指(17.86/万)和唇裂合并腭裂(11.16/万)。结论孕妇年龄与出生缺陷关系结果显示,小于20岁年龄组发病率最高,为8.23%;大于40岁年龄组排第二位,发病率为4.55%。围产儿低体重是出生缺陷的危险因素,孕妇文化程度高、家庭经济条件好是出生缺陷的保护性因素。
Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of birth defects and the distribution of disease types in Nangang district of Harbin in 2013 and to study the influencing factors of the distribution characteristics of birth defects so as to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies and interventions. Methods Descriptive epidemiological and analytical epidemiological methods were used for analysis. Results The total incidence of birth defects was 148.81 / million. Among the various types of birth defects, the top three were congenital heart disease (33.48 / million), multiple finger (17.86 / million) and cleft lip with cleft palate (11.16 / million). Conclusion The relationship between pregnant women ’s age and birth defects shows that the incidence of the age less than 20 years old is the highest (8.23%) and the age of 40 years is the second (4.55%). Low birth weight perinatal risk factors for birth defects, pregnant women with high education, good family economic conditions is a protective factor of birth defects.