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目的评价滴用阿托品建立兔干眼模型的优劣。方法新西兰大白兔16只,随机选1眼滴用1%硫酸阿托品滴眼液,对侧眼作对照。用药前及用药后不同时间点对实验组及对照组行Schirmer试验、结膜角膜虎红染色、角膜荧光素染色、结膜印迹细胞检查。第35d取结膜、角膜及泪腺组织行光学显微镜检查,泪腺组织同时行电镜检查并采用酶标仪检测其中的乙酰胆碱浓度。结果滴用阿托品后第1d,实验组Schirmer试验值下降,荧光素染色及虎红染色积分上升(P<0·05),至用药后第1周表现最明显,之后逐渐减轻。用药前后杯状细胞密度未出现差异(P>0·05)。滴药后第35d,实验组结膜、角膜、泪腺组织光镜及电镜检查未见异常,泪腺中乙酰胆碱浓度[(18·99±9·79)μmol/mg]比对照组明显增高[(13·10±7·34)μmol/mg](P=0·0318)。结论滴用阿托品可以使兔很快出现干眼,但随时间延长而减轻,因而这种干眼模型不够理想。
Objective To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of dropping atropine on rabbit dry eye model. Methods Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 1 eye drops and 1% atropine sulfate eye drops, contralateral eye as control. The Schirmer test, the conjunctival corneal tiger red staining, the corneal fluorescein staining and the conjunctival blot cell examination were performed on the experimental group and the control group at different time points before and after treatment. On the 35th day, the conjunctiva, cornea and lacrimal gland tissues were examined with optical microscopy. The lacrimal gland tissues were also examined by electron microscopy and the concentration of acetylcholine was detected by microplate reader. Results On the first day after dripping with atropine, the Schirmer test value of the experimental group decreased, the integral of fluorescein staining and tiger red staining increased (P <0.05), and showed the most obvious effect at the first week after administration, and then gradually decreased. Before and after treatment goblet cell density showed no difference (P> 0.05). On the 35th day after dripping, no abnormalities were found in the conjunctiva, cornea and lacrimal gland tissues in the experimental group by light and electron microscopy. The concentration of acetylcholine in the lacrimal gland [(18.99 ± 9.79) μmol / mg] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(13 · 10 ± 7 · 34) μmol / mg] (P = 0 · 0318). Conclusion Drops of atropine can cause dry eye in rabbits very quickly but decrease with time, making this dry eye model less than ideal.