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5 建筑节能和新能源开发 70年代出现能源危机以来,各个发达国家,特别是瑞典、美国和日本始终把建筑节能与新能源开发作为一个重要方面来抓。 发达国家的建筑耗能主要是采暖、制冷、通风、照明、冷冻和热水。美国现已研究开发大量居住建筑的节能设备,广泛使用改进的压缩机和冷却机;从空气中回收热的设备;普遍使用节能的制冷装置;研究热电共生系统;普遍使用高保温性能的玻璃。这些国家今后
5 Building Energy Efficiency and New Energy Development Since the energy crisis in the 1970s, various developed countries, especially Sweden, the United States, and Japan, have always taken building energy efficiency and new energy development as an important aspect. The energy consumption of buildings in developed countries is mainly heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, freezing and hot water. The United States has now researched and developed energy-saving equipment for a large number of residential buildings, widely used improved compressors and chillers, recovered hot equipment from the air, universally used energy-saving refrigeration devices, researched symbiotic systems for heat and electricity, and commonly used glass with high thermal insulation properties. These countries in the future