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1953年和1954年,上海市在私营企业中开展了“反对经济主义”的工作。它表面上似乎是1951年底全国总工会对李立三“经济主义”错误批判的余波,实质上是对“一五”计划开始前后资本家破坏国家加工订货工作、企图操纵劳资关系所作出的反应。在日益扩大的加工订货工作中,资方利用工缴货价的疏漏所提供的“成本转嫁”机制,谋取不当利润,并企图以物质利益腐蚀工人,破坏加工订货工作。“反对经济主义”挤压和切断了这种“成本转嫁”机制,是国家对私营工商业进行改造的重要一环。
In 1953 and 1954, Shanghai carried out “anti-economicism” work in the private sector. It apparently seemed to be the aftermath of the erroneous criticism of Li Lisan and “economicism” by the All-China Federation of Trade Unions as of the end of 1951. In essence, it was an attempt made by capitalists to undermine state processing and ordering before and after the “January 5” plan in an attempt to manipulate labor-capital relations reaction. In the process of increasing processing and ordering, employers make use of the mechanism of “transfer of costs” provided by the omission of the delivery price to make improper profits and attempt to corrode the workers with material interests and undermine the processing and ordering. Opposing Economicism Squeezed and cut off this kind of mechanism of “cost pass-through”, which is an important part of the country’s reform of the private industry and commerce.