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目的制作云南多民族围青春期学生身高、体重、体质量指数的百分位标准曲线和百分位数界值点,为建立各指标参考值范围提供依据。方法分析2014年全国学生体质与健康调研云南7个民族7~18岁学生的调研数据,采用LMS法拟合百分位标准曲线,以百分位数界值点为标准,进行学生体格发育水平比较及营养健康状况评价。结果采用LMS法拟合百分位曲线效果良好,云南省7个民族学生体格发育水平存在明显差异,白族男、女生18岁年龄组身高水平最高(P50分别为172.14,159.17 cm),佤族男、女生18岁年龄组身高水平最低(P50分别为163.21,151.82 cm),2个民族男、女生18岁年龄组身高水平分别相差8.93 cm与7.35 cm。利用所建立的参考值标准筛查7个民族学生生长迟缓总检出率为2.01%,超重、肥胖总检出率分别为8.51%和4.32%,其中傣族学生生长迟缓检出率最高,为2.40%;汉族学生超重与肥胖检出率最高,分别为9.14%,4.99%。结论基于本地区学生体质调研数据所建立的评价标准,较客观地反映了云南省围青春期青少年体格发育水平,可为评价云南省青少年生长发育与营养健康状况提供区域性的参考标准。
Objective To make the percentile calibration curve and percentile point of height, weight and body mass index of adolescent students in adolescent of Yunnan province, and to provide basis for establishing the reference value range of each index. Methods The data of 2014 National Students ’Physique and Health Survey were collected from 7 to 18-year-olds in 7 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province. The LMS method was used to fit the standard curve of percentile. The percentile point of the percentile was used as the standard for students’ physical development Comparison and nutrition health evaluation. Results The LMS method fitted well with the percentile curve. There was a significant difference in physical development among 7 ethnic minority students in Yunnan Province. The male and female had the highest height in the 18-year-old group (P.14 = 172.14 and 159.17 cm, respectively) The average height of girls in the 18-year-old group was the lowest (P50 = 163.21 and 151.82 cm, respectively), while the differences in the height of the 18-year-old boys and girls in the two ethnic groups were 8.93 cm and 7.35 cm, respectively. Using the established reference standard screening of 7 ethnic students, the total detection rate of slow growth was 2.01%, the total detection rate of overweight and obesity was 8.51% and 4.32%, respectively, of which Dai students had the highest growth rate of 2.40 %; Han students the highest detection rate of overweight and obesity, were 9.14%, 4.99%. Conclusion Based on the evaluation criteria established by the survey data of students’ physique in this area, objective assessment of the physical development of adolescent adolescents in Yunnan Province is provided. It can provide a regional reference standard for assessing adolescent growth and nutritional status in Yunnan Province.