论文部分内容阅读
目的 了解重质芳烃的毒性及致突变性。方法 选用大鼠、豚鼠及家兔 ,采用经口、呼吸道及皮肤、粘膜染毒途径 ,研究其急性毒性和蓄积性。同时用Ames试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、人体外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE)试验及小鼠精子畸形试验进行致突变性研究。结果 重质芳烃的大鼠经口LD50 为 3 160mg/kg ,急性中毒表现为发抖、嗜睡、活动减少、腹泻、食欲不振直至死亡 ;家兔皮肤及眼刺激强度为轻度刺激性 ;豚鼠皮肤变态反应试验为中等致敏性 ;大鼠蓄积系数 2 2 4为强蓄积性 ,病理呈现以肺出血为主要致死原因的多器官损害。Ames试验阴性 ;在 3 16～ 15 80mg/kg剂量范围小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率显著增高 (P <0 0 1) ;在S9存在下 ,人外周血SCE频率较对照组显著增高 (P <0 0 1) ;小鼠精子畸形率在 15 80mg/kg下显著增高 (P <0 0 1)。结论 重质芳烃不仅是强蓄积、中等致敏性物质 ,且 3种遗传毒性试验呈阳性反应 ,具有间接致突变性 ,对其职业性接触及应用的安全性应予高度重视。
Objective To understand the toxicity and mutagenicity of heavy aromatics. Methods Rats, guinea pigs and rabbits were selected and their acute toxicity and accumulation were studied by means of oral, respiratory, skin and mucosal exposure. At the same time, Ames test, mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test, human peripheral blood lymphocyte sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test and mouse sperm deformity test were conducted to study the mutagenicity. Results The LD50 of heavy aromatics rats was 3 160 mg / kg. Acute poisoning showed trembling, drowsiness, decreased activity, diarrhea and loss of appetite until death; skin and eye irritation intensity of rabbits was slightly irritating; guinea pig skin metamorphosis Response test for the moderate sensitization; rat accumulation coefficient of 224 is a strong accumulation of pathology showed pulmonary hemorrhage as the main cause of death of multiple organ damage. Ames test was negative. The micronucleus rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes in 3 16 ~ 15 80mg / kg dose group was significantly increased (P <0.01). In the presence of S9, the frequency of SCE in human peripheral blood was significantly higher than that in control group P <0.01). The rate of sperm deformity in mice was significantly increased at 15 80 mg / kg (P <0.01). CONCLUSION Heavy aromatics is not only a strong accumulation and moderately sensitizing substance, but also has three genotoxicity tests, which have indirect mutagenicity. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to occupational exposure and safety.