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近年来由于改善了大家已知的防止突出措施和制定了新的防止措施,煤、岩石和瓦斯突出频率显著地降低。然而,不少突出问题仍然是煤炭工业中的一个重要问题。 为了研究工作面附近岩体的破坏机理与原因,马凯耶夫煤矿安全研究所(马克尼)已在试验室和矿井条件下进行了专门的研究。在试验室的研究是在能建立不等分量三向应力状态的装置上进行的。试验时,试样首先根据σ_2=σ_3=kσ_1(相当于未受采动的岩体应力状态)的方式加载。
In recent years, coal, rock and gas outburst frequencies have been significantly reduced due to the improvement of the well-known preventative measures and the new prevention measures. However, many prominent issues remain an important issue in the coal industry. In order to study the mechanism and causes of rock failure near the working face, the Mukayev Institute for Coal Mine Safety (Makeni) conducted a special study in the laboratory and in the mine. Research in the laboratory was conducted on devices that could create unequal components in a three-way stress state. During the test, the specimen is first loaded in such a way that σ_2 = σ_3 = kσ_1 (equivalent to the stress state of the unoccupied rock mass).