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目的了解本市中小学学生结核病流行及结核菌感染情况,探讨结核病防制的有效措施。方法对本市中小学6 522名在校学生进行结核菌素皮试和胸部X线检测调查,并作流行病学统计分析。结果被调查的学生PPD试验的阳性率为39.54%,强阳性率为1.66%;发现活动性肺结核4人,肺结核患病率139.16/10万,初中生与小学生间亦存在显著性差异(P<0.01),城乡学生间存在显著性差异(P<0.01),男女生PPD试验阳性率、强阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 PPD试验是诊断结核病的必要辅助诊断方法。根据试验结果对学生采取相应的防治措施,做到早期发现传染源,早期治疗,减少传播是非常重要的。
Objective To understand the prevalence of tuberculosis and the prevalence of tuberculosis among primary and secondary school students in this city and to explore effective measures for preventing tuberculosis. Methods A total of 6 522 students from primary and secondary schools in our city were tested for tuberculin skin test and chest X-ray examination, and epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results The positive rate of PPD test was 39.54% and the strong positive rate was 1.66%. There were 4 active tuberculosis patients and the prevalence rate of tuberculosis was 139.16 / 100 000, there was also a significant difference between junior high school students and primary school students (P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between urban and rural students (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rates and strong positive rates of PPD between boys and girls (P> 0.05). Conclusion The PPD test is a necessary diagnostic method for diagnosis of tuberculosis. According to the test results to students to take appropriate prevention and treatment measures, so early detection of sources of infection, early treatment, reduce transmission is very important.