论文部分内容阅读
鄂尔多斯位于内蒙古西南部农牧业交错带上。当它被游牧民族占据时,以游牧为主要生产方式;中原王朝国力强盛,占居该地时,便转而以农耕为主要生产方式,秦、汉、唐、清等朝代便是如此。清代随着国家的安定与清后期财政支出的增加,对鄂尔多斯的垦殖从禁止到弛禁直至规模持续上升,超过以前任何朝代。本文以垦殖力度的差异将其垦殖活动分为两个时期加以考察,前一个时期自清初至光绪二十年,这一时期经历了从禁垦到驰禁的过程,开垦规模逐渐扩大,一些水利工程也开始兴修;后一个时期则是政府组织的大规模放垦阶段,各旗根据自身的自然条件均有不同程度的放垦。
Erdos is located in the ecotone of agriculture and animal husbandry in southwestern Inner Mongolia. When it was occupied by nomads, nomadic as the main mode of production; the strong power of the Central Plains Dynasty, occupy the place, they turned to farming as the main mode of production, Qin, Han, Tang, Qing and other dynasties is so. In the Qing Dynasty, with the stability of the country and the increase of financial expenditure in the late Qing Dynasty, the reclamation of Erdos surpassed any dynasties from banning to banning until its scale continued to rise. In this paper, we divided the reclamation activities into two periods: the first period from the early Qing Dynasty to the twenty years of Guangxu period, which experienced the process from banning cultivation to extermination, and the reclamation scale was gradually expanded. Some Water conservancy projects have also started to cultivate; the latter period is the large-scale government-organized land reclamation stage, the flags according to their natural conditions have different levels of land reclamation.