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目的 调查一起人感染H7 N9禽流感聚集性疫情的流行病学特征,分析病例的感染来源和传播途径.方法 对病例开展现场流行病学调查和实验室检测,对病例感染来源进行调查和外环境采样检测.结果 共发现两名病例,病例为父女关系.两病例发病前有可疑活禽暴露史,居住地附近可疑暴露市场标本检测出H7N9禽流感病毒.病例1在潜伏期内即发病,判断为环境暴露感染;其女儿的发病时间距脱离暴露环境已经10天,而在其父亲发病后曾共同生活,判断由其父亲传染给她的可能性大.结论 本起家庭聚集性疫情中,病例1的感染来源可能为被H7 N9禽流感病毒污染的环境,病例2被病例1传染的可能性更大.“,”Objective To investigate the epidemic characters of a clustered cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus,and analyze the source of infection and the route of transmission.Methods Epidemiological and laboratory data were collected.The source of infection was investgated and samples were collected from the environment of the infected family and suspected market.Results A father and his daughter were diagnosed as confirmed avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection.Both of them had live poultry exposure,and specimens from suspected market were positive for avian influenza A(H7N9) virus.Considering the date of onset was within the incubation period,the index case should be infected directly from contaminated environment.His daughter was more likely to be infected by the index case since she was out of contaminated environment for 10 days when she was onset and meanwhile she lived with the index case after his onset.Conclusions It was a family cluster of two cases with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection.The index case was infected from a live bird market while the secondary case was more likely to be infected by person-to-person contact.