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从《宪法》、《土地管理法》、《民法通则》、《土地承包经营法》、《农业法》到《物权法》,我国围绕土地使用制度进行了一系列的改革探索和立法实践,逐步建立了以家庭承包经营为基础的统分结合的双层经营体制和用益物权性质的土地承包经营权有中国特色的农村土地制度。土地承包经营权的立法目标经历了从确保农民“温饱”向促进农民“发展”的转变过程,通过农民的生存保障确保农村稳定和确保全国粮食基本战略目标的实现。我国农村经济的未来发展状况使得土地承包经营权呈现出由有期限权利向无期限权利发展,由非商品性权利向商品性权利发展,由非融资性权利向融资性权利发展,由身份性权利向契约性权利发展的趋势。
From the Constitution, the Land Administration Law, the General Principles of Civil Law, the Land Contract Operation Law, the Agricultural Law to the Property Law, a series of reforms and legislative practices have been carried out around the land use system in our country, The system of rural land with Chinese characteristics is based on the dual management system based on household contract management and the land contractual management right with usufructuary right. The legislative goal of land contractual management right has undergone a transformation from ensuring peasants “food and clothing ” to promoting peasants “development ” and ensuring the stability of rural areas through peasants’ subsistence guarantee and ensuring the fulfillment of the basic strategic goal of grain nationwide. The future development of the rural economy in our country makes the land contractual management right develop from a limited period of time to an indefinite period, from non-commercial to commercial, from non-financing to financing, The tendency to contractual rights.