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目的研究减压提取工艺条件下水和不同体积分数乙醇沸点、饱和蒸气压的相关性,并比较不同药材(穿心莲、红花、白芷、钩藤、黄芩、丹参、陈皮)的加入和不同粒径药材的加入对饱和蒸气压的影响。方法采用理论计算和仪器实验测定结合方法,获取不同沸点下和饱和蒸气压的理论值及实测值,并进行统计分析。结果得到饱和蒸气压与溶剂乙醇体积分数和沸点之间的回归方程P=76.467 1+0.035 2 T2+1.201 0TV-30.749 4V2-3.123 9T-14.966 7V;实验条件下,水和不同体积分数乙醇纯溶剂饱和蒸气压理论值较实测值小;加入药材后饱和蒸气压实测值比纯溶剂实测值增大;药材粉碎后,提取温度达到一定温度后饱和蒸气压会降低。结论药材的加入和粉碎对溶剂饱和蒸气压有影响,但其变化范围小。
OBJECTIVE To study the correlation between boiling point and saturated vapor pressure of water and different volume fractions of ethanol under the conditions of decompression and extraction, and compare the effects of different herbs (Andrographis paniculata, safflower, Angelica dahurica, Uncaria rhynchophylla, Radix Scutellariae, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Citrus rehmanniae) The effect of adding on the saturated vapor pressure. Methods The theoretical calculation and instrumental experiment were used to determine the theoretical and measured values of vapor pressure at different boiling points and to make statistical analysis. Results The regression equation between the saturated vapor pressure and the solvent ethanol volume fraction and the boiling point was obtained. P = 76.467 1 + 0.035 2 T2 + 1.201 0TV-30.749 4V2-3.123 9T-14.966 7V Under the experimental conditions, the water and different volume fractions of pure ethanol The theoretical value of saturated vapor pressure is smaller than the measured value; the measured value of saturated vapor pressure after adding the medicinal material is higher than the measured value of pure solvent; after the medicinal material crushes, the saturated vapor pressure will decrease after the extraction temperature reaches a certain temperature. Conclusion The addition of medicinal materials and pulverization have an influence on the saturated vapor pressure of solvent, but the range of variation is small.