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为了明确当前新疆哈密瓜病毒病的主要毒原种类及其遗传分化,为哈密瓜病毒病害的防治提供科学依据,对吐鲁番、鄯善、昌吉等哈密瓜主产区的病毒病调查、采样,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(DAS–ELISA)和RT-PCR技术对侵染哈密瓜的7种主要病毒及瓜类重要检疫性病毒——黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)进行检测和分子鉴定。结果表明:在所检测的121个样品中,黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的检出率最高,为70.2%;西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus,WMV)和小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)次之,分别为62.0%和37.2%,甜瓜坏死斑点病毒(Melon necrotic spot virus,MNSV)的检出率仅为2.5%,CGMMV、南瓜花叶病毒(Squash mosaic virus,Sq MV)、番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ring spot virus W,PRSV-W)和烟草坏死病毒(Tobacco necrosis virus,TNV)未检测到。CMV、WMV、ZYMV在田间分布广泛,2种及3种病毒的复合侵染发生普遍(60.19%)。对各病毒分离物进行CP基因扩增、序列测定和系统发育分析,确定了CMV新疆哈密瓜分离物归属于CMV亚组ⅠB。ZYMV、WMV和MNSV与已报道的病毒株系CP基因核苷酸序列具有较高的同源性,但存在一定的变异,ZYMV和WMV具有明显的地域分化现象。
In order to clarify the main virulence species and their genetic differentiation of Hami melon virus disease in Xinjiang and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of Hami melon virus disease, the viral diseases in main producing areas of Turpan, Shanshan and Changji were surveyed and sampled. The seven major viruses invaded cantaloupe and Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a key quarantine virus in melons, were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RT-PCR. And molecular identification. The results showed that the highest detection rate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was found in 121 samples, which was 70.2%. Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) followed by 62.0% and 37.2% respectively. The detection rate of Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) was only 2.5%. The positive rates of CGMMV, Squash mosaic virus , Sq MV, Papaya ring spot virus (PRSV-W) and Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV) were not detected. CMV, WMV and ZYMV were widely distributed in the field, and the combined infection of two and three viruses was common (60.19%). CP gene amplification, sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis were performed on each virus isolate, and the CMV Xinjiang Hami melon isolate was identified as belonging to the CMV subgroup IB. ZYMV, WMV and MNSV have high homology with the reported CP gene nucleotide sequences of the virus strains, but there are some variations, ZYMV and WMV have obvious geographical differentiation.