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杂交水稻稻谷是从Ｆ１代杂合体收获的Ｆ２代种子，由于Ｆ２代属分离群体，直链淀粉含量等稻米品质会发生分离现象．本研究选择直链淀粉含量低、中、高的５个亲本配组的５个杂交组合，按单粒分析法分析双亲亲本、Ｆ１和Ｆ２代的种子的直链淀粉含量．结果表明，Ｆ２代呈现１（低）：３（中＋高）孟德尔分离规律．在５个组合的单粒分析中发现分离的Ｆ２代群体呈双峰的连续分布，该现象表明高直链淀粉含量对低直链淀粉含量为不完全显性，除单一基因控制外，还受微效多基因修饰．因此杂交水稻育种工作中，尤其是优质杂交稻新组合选育时，必须注意选择双亲的直链淀粉含量基本一致，以防分离现象影响米质．
Hybrid paddy rice is a F2 generation seed harvested from hybrid F1. Since F2 is a segregating population, segregation of rice quality such as amylose content may occur. In this study, five crosses of five parents with low, medium, and high amylose content were selected to analyze the amylose content of the parents, F1 and F2 seeds by single grain analysis. The results showed that the F2 generation showed 1 (low): 3 (medium + high) Mendelian separation. The segregating F2 population was found to have a bimodal, continuous distribution in five combinations of single grain analyzes, indicating that the high amylose content is not completely dominant for low amylose content and is also slightly affected by single gene control Multi-gene modification. Therefore, during the breeding of hybrid rice, especially when selecting new combinations of high-quality hybrid rice, it is necessary to pay attention to the same amylose content of the selected parents to prevent the separation phenomenon from affecting the quality of rice.