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利用模拟土柱研究了红壤母质在淹水条件下物质的迁移规律及不同水分条件对作物生长的影响。土柱施加有机质淹水后,矿质元素活化,部分迁移出土体。物质的累积淋溶量序列为:Fe>Ca、SiO_2>K>Al、P、Mn、Mg,日渗漏量与Eh是影响物质淋溶的主要因素。主组元分析表明,淹水初期主要的土壤发生过程是矿质元素的活化与淋溶,硅铝的相对富集及土壤养分状况的改善。铁、锰的淋淀与水分关系密切。铁、锰在表层淋离,中下层淀积,这同自然状况下铁锰的淋溶淀积特点是一致的。
The simulated soil column was used to study the migration rule of red matrix parent material under flooding conditions and the effect of different water conditions on crop growth. After the soil column flooded by organic matter, the mineral elements were activated and partially migrated from the soil. The cumulative leaching amount of material was as follows: Fe> Ca, SiO2> K> Al, P, Mn, Mg, daily leakage and Eh were the main factors affecting the leaching of material. The principal component analysis showed that the main soil processes during the early flooding were the activation and leaching of mineral elements, the relative enrichment of Si and Al and the improvement of soil nutrient status. Iron, manganese and water are closely related to the deposition. Iron and manganese are leached from the surface and are deposited in the middle and lower layers. This is consistent with the leaching and deposition of iron and manganese under natural conditions.