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主体问题一直是人类关注的问题,近代启蒙以来,主体得以确立,主体性得到了蓬勃发展,至黑格尔达于顶峰。当然启蒙带来是双重后果:一方面它带来了解放,主体得到充分发展;另一方面它又带来了奴役,它给主体带来了新的枷锁,人的主体性得以埋没,人成为启蒙的牺牲品。而这恰是霍克海默和阿多诺《启蒙辩证法》所要揭示的。本文正是通过对《启蒙辩证法》的主体思想的揭露和回顾探讨了启蒙下的主体命运和启蒙幻灭的事实。
The subject has always been the concern of human beings. Since the modern enlightenment, the subject has been established and the subjectivity has been booming until the peak of Hegel. Of course, enlightenment brought about double consequences: on the one hand, it brought about liberation and the subject was fully developed; on the other hand, it brought enslavement, which brought new shackles to the subject, buried the subjectivity of man, The victim of enlightenment. This is precisely what Horkheimer and Adorno enlighten dialectics should be revealed. This article explores the fate of the subject and the disillusionment of enlightenment through the exposing and reviewing of the main idea of “Dialectics of Enlightenment”.