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目的分析宜昌市2010年预防接种疑似异常反应(AEFI),评估常规、强化疫苗接种的安全性,为免疫规划决策提供理论依据。方法收集审核全市AEFI监测系统上报数据,建立excel数据库。按AEFI发生原因分类:不良反应、疫苗质量事故、接种事故、偶合症、心因性反应进行分类描述。结果 2010年全市开展29种疫苗136.10万人次的接种,发生AEFI 485例,发生率为35.64/10万,其中异常反应41例,异常反应率3.01/10万。一类疫苗AEFI发生率46.63/10万,二类疫苗AEFI发生率16.89/10万,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);基础免疫、加强免疫、强化免疫AEFI发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。一般反应以低热和局部反应为主要临床表现,共报告400例,占报告总数82.47%。结论进一步完善AEFI监测系统,提高报告的及时性、完整性和覆盖率。建立疫苗使用安全风险评估机制,促进接种工作规范化、疫苗质量不断提高,确保预防接种工作安全、有效。
Objective To analyze the suspected anomalous reaction (AEFI) of vaccination in Yichang in 2010 to assess the safety of routine and intensive vaccination and provide a theoretical basis for the immunization planning decision. Methods Collecting and reviewing the data reported by the city’s AEFI monitoring system and establishing an excel database. According to the causes of AEFI classification: adverse reactions, vaccine quality incidents, vaccination accidents, complications, psychogenic reactions were classified description. Results In 2010, the city vaccinated 1,361,000 people with 29 kinds of vaccines, 485 cases of AEFI occurred, the incidence was 35.64 / 100000, of which 41 cases were abnormal and the abnormal reaction rate was 3.01 / 100000. The incidence of AEFI was 46.63 / lakh in one type of vaccine and 16.89 / lakh in AEFI in type two vaccine (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of AEFI between primary immunization, intensive immunization and intensive immunization (P> 0.05). The general response to low fever and local reactions as the main clinical manifestations, a total of 400 cases were reported, accounting for 82.47% of the total number of reports. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system will be further improved to improve the timeliness, completeness and coverage of the report. Establish a safety risk assessment mechanism for the use of vaccines to promote the standardization of vaccination work and the continuous improvement of the quality of vaccines to ensure the safe and effective vaccination work.