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以二苯甲烷、系列长链脂肪酰氯(月桂酰氯、豆蔻酰氯、棕榈酰氯)和氯磺酸为主要原料,合成了3个阴离子双子表面活性剂———双直链烷基二苯甲烷双磺酸钠盐(DSDM)。通过硅胶层析法分离提纯了中间产品,并采用核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行表征,采用质谱对最终产品的结构进行了表征,证明所得产物即为目标产物。测定了DSDM的相关性能,结果表明,C12-DSDM在25℃时,CMC和γCMC分别为1.452 mmol/L和38.49 mN/m;C14-DSDM、C16-DSDM的油水界面张力均受温度和硬度的影响;C14-DSDM不受盐度的影响;C16-DSDM受盐度影响较大;C14-DSDM、C16-DSDM复配体系可达到9.44×10-3 mN/m的超低界面张力。
In this paper, diphenylmethane, a series of long-chain fatty acyl chlorides (lauroyl chloride, myristoyl chloride, palmitoyl chloride) and chlorosulfonic acid were used as main raw materials to synthesize three anionic gemini surfactants --- bis-linear alkyl diphenylmethane bis Acid sodium salt (DSDM). The intermediate product was separated and purified by silica gel chromatography and its structure was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The structure of the final product was characterized by mass spectrometry. The obtained product was proved to be the target product. The results showed that the CMC and γCMC of C12-DSDM were 1.452 mmol / L and 38.49 mN / m respectively at 25 ℃. The interfacial tensions of C14-DSDM and C16-DSDM were affected by temperature and hardness C14-DSDM is not affected by salinity; C16-DSDM is greatly affected by salinity; and the ultra-low interfacial tension of C14-DSDM and C16-DSDM can reach 9.44 × 10-3 mN / m.