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目的:总结国内外对胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的病因学、诊断和治疗的最新进展。方法:应用检索MDELINE及CHKD期刊全文数据库检索系统,以“黏膜相关淋巴瘤”和“胃淋巴瘤”为关键词。纳入标准:1)胃MALT淋巴瘤的病因学和基因病理学特征;2)胃MALT淋巴瘤临床特征和分期;3)胃MALT淋巴瘤的治疗。共纳入分析23篇参考文献。结果:H.Pylori感染是胃MALT淋巴瘤的主要病因,抗感染治疗可以使近80%H.Pylori阳性胃MALT淋巴瘤完全消退。因此,抗感染治疗成为早期胃MALT淋巴瘤的标准一线治疗。抗感染无效或复发的患者可以采取放疗、化疗和分子靶向治疗等综合治疗手段。结论:过去人们对胃MALT淋巴瘤常常行手术切除,术后辅助化疗或放疗。但随着近年来对其病因学和生物学行为的认识,目前治疗以非手术治疗为主,目的是保全器官功能,提高患者生活质量。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the recent advances in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma at home and abroad. Methods: The key words of “mucosa-associated lymphoma” and “gastric lymphoma” were searched using MDELINE and CHKD full-text database retrieval system. Inclusion criteria: 1) etiology and genetic pathology of gastric MALT lymphoma; 2) clinical features and stage of gastric MALT lymphoma; and 3) treatment of gastric MALT lymphoma. A total of 23 references were analyzed. Results: H. pylori infection was the major cause of gastric MALT lymphoma. Anti-infective therapy could completely eliminate nearly 80% H. pylori-positive gastric MALT lymphoma. Therefore, anti-infective therapy becomes the standard first-line treatment of early gastric MALT lymphoma. Anti-infective patients with relapsed or ineffective can take radiotherapy, chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapies and other comprehensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In the past, gastric MALT lymphoma was routinely resected, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, with the understanding of its etiology and biological behavior in recent years, the current treatment is mainly based on non-surgical treatment, the purpose is to preserve organ function and improve the quality of life of patients.