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在骨科病房裹我們可以看到有些病人的床上安置了架子,而他們的某一肢体是用繩子及特殊用具牽拉着或懸吊着,这种情况就叫作牽引。牽引对骨科病人的用途是廣泛的。例如治療骨折、關節疾患以及矯正畸形等都可能採用,如能適当选擇,施行後並經常給以良好的護理,牽引对这些病人也是安全而有效的治療方法之一。一般的牽引都要继续一个較長的時期,短的數週,長的數月。在这样長的療程中,護理工作对这些病人起着極重要的作用,因为对任何牽引的病人都要求作到經常而密切的观察和護理。医生的責任自然是經常注意病人和檢查牽引,以求達到預期的療效,但医生不可能時時刻刻都在病室內工作,而護理人員却是輪流在病房上班的。因此所有護理人員对牽引病人都負有一定的責任。为了病人的利益和很好的發揮牽引的治療效果,則護理人員对牽引应有一定認識和体会,如一般的適应証,牽引的种類和護理要點等。茲將其分述如下:
We can see in the orthopedic ward that some of the patients have beds placed on shelves, and that one of their limbs is pulled or suspended by strings and special appliances. This is called traction. The use of traction on orthopedic patients is widespread. For example, the treatment of fractures, joint disorders and correction of deformity may be used, such as the appropriate choice, after the implementation and often give good care, traction is also one of these patients is safe and effective treatment. General traction should continue for a longer period of time, short weeks, long months. In such a long course of care, care plays a very important role for these patients, because regular and intensive observation and care are required of any patient who is being towed. Naturally, the doctor’s responsibility is to always pay attention to the patient and to check the traction so as to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. However, the doctor can not always work in the sick room while the nursing staff take turns to work in the ward. Therefore, all nurses have a certain responsibility for pulling patients. In order to benefit the patient and play a good therapeutic effect of traction, the nursing staff should have some understanding and experience of traction, such as general indications, the type of traction and nursing points and so on. It will be divided as follows: