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分子成像不仅可以利用传统成像技术提供结构图像,也可利用许多新的成像技术提供生物功能信息和分子信息。在过去的几十年间,纳米技术在分子成像中的应用显示了许多明显的优势,并且为活体成像提供了新的机遇。多模态纳米粒子可对肿瘤的生物性和微环境做出精确评估。本文讨论了与工程化纳米粒子相关的话题,并总结了近几年来这些纳米结构在恶性肿瘤光学成像、超声成像、光声成像、磁共振成像和放射性核素显像中的应用;同时,还讨论了将纳米粒子应用到临床医学中面临的主要挑战。
Molecular imaging can not only provide structural images using traditional imaging techniques, but also utilize many new imaging technologies to provide biological functional and molecular information. The use of nanotechnology in molecular imaging has shown many significant advantages over the past few decades and offers new opportunities for in vivo imaging. Multimodal nanoparticles provide an accurate assessment of the biological and microenvironment of tumors. This paper discusses the topics related to engineered nanoparticles and summarizes the applications of these nanostructures in the imaging of malignant tumors, ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide imaging in recent years. In the meantime, The main challenges facing the application of nanoparticles to clinical medicine are discussed.