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可在体外诱导肿瘤细胞和增生异常的骨髓细胞分化成熟的药物很多,其中有些已用于治疗骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)和髓细胞性白血病,并取得初步成功。作者提出,促进分化和成熟的生理和药理制剂在体外可通过加速分化/成熟的进展或减慢增殖速度(一般为抑制 DNA 合成)起作用。为此,作者成对地应用分化诱导剂及 DNA 合成抑制帮以探求对分化的协同作用.研究对象为3例 MDS(RAEB、RA-EB-T、CMML 各1例),2例 AML(M_4及由 MDS转化的各1例)及3例正常骨髓标本。所用的分化诱导剂为视黄酸(retinoic acid)或 N-甲基甲酰胺(N-MF);DNA 合成抑制剂为6-MP,Ara-C 或aphidicolin。所用培养基为半固体琼脂培养基及悬浮培养基。分化水平的检测指标在前者为克隆细胞成熟指数,在后者为细胞还原氮蓝四唑(NBT)的能力及氯醋酸酯酶(CAE)与非特异性脂酶(NSE)
There are many drugs that can induce differentiation and maturation of tumor cells and dysplastic bone marrow cells in vitro. Some of them have been used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and myeloid leukemia, and have achieved initial success. The authors suggest that physiological and pharmacological agents that promote differentiation and maturation can act in vitro by accelerating the progression of differentiation/maturation or slowing down the rate of proliferation (generally inhibiting DNA synthesis). For this purpose, the authors used a pair of differentiation inducers and DNA synthesis inhibition to explore the synergistic effect on differentiation. The study subjects were 3 cases of MDS (RAEB, RA-EB-T, and CMML each in 1 case) and 2 cases of AML (M_4). And 1 case converted by MDS) and 3 normal bone marrow specimens. The differentiation inducer used was retinoic acid or N-methylformamide (N-MF); the DNA synthesis inhibitor was 6-MP, Ara-C or aphidicolin. The medium used was semi-solid agar medium and suspension medium. In the former, the differentiation index was the clonal cell maturation index, and the latter was the ability of cells to reduce nitrogen blue tetrazolium (NBT) and chloroacetate esterase (CAE) and non-specific lipase (NSE).